Editorial BoardXML

Seoul Journal of Economics - Vol. 22 , No. 4

[ Article ]
Seoul Journal of Economics - Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 467-498
Abbreviation: SJE
ISSN: 1225-0279 (Print)
Print publication date 30 Nov 2009
Received 27 Feb 2009 Revised 30 Oct 2009

University-Industry Interactions and Innovation in India: Patterns, Determinants, and Effects in Select Industries
K. J. Joseph ; Vinoj Abraham
Professor, Centre for Development Studies, Prasanth Nagar, Ulloor, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695011, India, Tel: +91-471-244-8881, Fax: +91-471-244-7137 (kjjoseph@cds.ac.in)
Assistant Professor, Centre for Development Studies, Ulloor, Prasanthnagar, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India, Tel: +91-471-244-8881, Fax: +91-471-244-7137 (vinoj@cds.ac.in)

Funding Information ▼

JEL Classification: O31, O33, D02


Abstract

Studies on innovation using innovation system perspective have assigned an important role for university industry interaction. However, most of these studies have been undertaken in the developed countries. In this context the present study, drawing data from a primary survey of firms covering different manufacturing industries and universities in four states of India, attempts at throwing light on a number of issues relating to the status of interaction, inducing factors and the innovative outcomes of interaction. Low levels of university industry interaction notwithstanding, the study suggests that firms that collaborated with universities achieved a higher level of innovative ability.


Keywords: University-industry interaction, Innovation, India

Acknowledgments

This paper is based on research undertaken on India at CDS as part of a larger project on university industry interaction in Asia. We thank IDRC for the financial and other support and Keun Lee for discussions at different stages of this work. We also acknowledge the comments received from the participants of the project seminar held in Seoul National University. Mr. Benson Thomas provided excellent research assistance. Usual disclaimers follow.


References
1. Agrawal, A., and Henderson, R. “Putting Patents in Context: Exploring Knowledge Transfer from MIT.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 44-60.
2. Anselin, L., Varga, A., and Acs, Z. “Local Geographic Spillovers between University Research and High Technology Innovations.” Journal of Urban Economics 42 (No. 3 1997): 422-48.
3. Arundel, Anthony, and Geuna, Aldo. “Proximity and the Use of Public Science by Innovative European Firms.” Economics of Innovation and New Technology 13 (No. 6 2004): 559-80.
4. Beise, M., and Stahl, H. “Public Research and Industrial Innovations in Germany.” Research Policy 28 (No. 4 1999): 397-422.
5. Brisolla, Sandra Negraes. The Sad Story of Globalization: Reduction of University Industry Cooperation as a Result of Liberalization, Privatization and Government Cutbacks in Brazil. Paper Presented in the Third Triple Helix International Conference on Relations among Social Economic and Scientific Development in a Triple Helix of University-industry-Government Relations, Rio de Janeiro, April 26-29, 2000.
6. Caloghirou, Y., Tsakanikas, A., and Vonortas, N. S. “University-Industry Cooperation in the Context of the European Framework Programmes.” Journal of Technology Transfer 26 (Nos. 1-2 2001): 153-61.
7. Carmines, E. G., and Zeller, R. A. Reliability and validity assessment: Quantitative applications in the social sciences. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1982.
8. Cockburn, Iain, and Rebecca, Henderson. “Absorptive Capacity, Coauthoring Behavior, and the Organization of Research in Drug Discovery.” Journal of Industrial Economics 46 (No. 2 1998): 157-82.
9. Cohen, W. M., and Levinthal, D. A. “Innovation and Learning: The Two Faces of R&D.” The Economic Journal 99 (No. 397 1989): 569-96.
10. Cohen, W. M. “Absorptive Capacity: A New Perspective on Learning and Innovation.” Administrative Science Quarterly 35 (No. 1 1990): 128-52.
11. Cohen, W. M., Florida, R., Randazzese, L., and Walsh, J. “Industry and the Academy: Uneasy Partners in the Cause of Technological Advance.” In Roger Noll (ed.), Challenges to Research Universities. Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, pp. 171-99, 1998.
12. Cohen, W. M., Nelson, R. R., and Walsh, J. “Links and Impacts: The Influence of Public Research on Industrial R&D.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 1-23.
13. Colyvas, J., Crow, M., Celijns, A., Mazzoleni, R., Nelson, R. R., Rosenberg, N., and Sampat, B. “How Do University Inventions Go Into Practice?” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 61-72.
14. Eun, Jong-Hak, Lee, Keun, and Wu, Guisheng. “Explaining the University Run Enterprises in China: A New Theoretical Framework for University-Industry Relationship in Developing Countries and Its Application to China.” Research Policy 35 (No. 9 2006): 1329-46.
15. Feldman, M. P. The Geography of Innovation. Amsterdam: Kluwer Academic Press, 1994.
16. Feldman, M., Feller, I., Bercovitz, J., and Burton, R. “Equity and the Technology Transfer Strategies of American Research Universities.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 105-21.
17. Fontana, R., Geuna, Aldo, and Matt, Mireille. “The Driving Forces of University-Industry Collaboration.” In Y. Caloghirou, A. Constantelou, and N. S. Vonortas (eds.), Knowledge Flows in European Industry: Mechanisms and Policy Implications. London: Routledge, 2004.
18. Hall, B. H., Link, A. N., and Scott, J. T. “Universities as Research Partners.” Review of Economics and Statistics 85 (No. 2 2003): 485-91.
19. Harhoff, D. “Firm Formation and Regional Spillovers.” The Economics of Innovation and New Technology 8 (No. 1 1999): 27-55.
20. Henderson, R., Jaffe, A., and Trajtenberg, M. “Universities as a Source of Commercial Technology: A Detailed Analysis of University Patenting, 1965-1988,” Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (No. 1 1998): 119-27.
21. Jaffe, A. B. “Real Effects of Academic Research.” American Economic Review 79 (No. 5 1989): 957-70.
22. Jensen, R., and Thursby, M. Proofs and Prototypes for Sale: The Tale of University In Licensing. NBER Working Paper No. 6698, Cambridge, MA, 1998.
23. Karlsson, C., and Andersson, M. The Location of Industry R&D and the Location of University R&D How Are They Related? CESIS Electronic Working Paper Series, Paper No. 38, Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University, 2005.
24. Laursen, K., and Salter, A. Searching Low and High: Why do Firms Use Universities as a Source of Innovation? Paper Presented at the 3rd European Meeting on Applied Evolutionary Economics, Augsburg, Germany, April 10-12, 2003.
25. Liebeskind, J. P., Oliver, A. L., Zucker, L., and Brewer, M. “Social Networks, Learning and Flexibility: Sourcing Scientific Knowledge in New Biotechnology Firms.” Organizational Science 7 (No. 4 1996): 428-43.
26. Lim, K. The Many Faces of Absorptive Capacity: Spillovers of Copper Interconnect Technology for Semiconductor Chips. MIT, Mimeograph, 2000.
27. Lööf, H., and Anders, Broström. Does Knowledge Diffusion between University and Industry Increase Innovativeness? CESIS Electronic Working Paper Series No. 21, The Royal Institute of technology, Available at http://www.infra.kth.se/cesis/research /publications/working papers, 2006.
28. Lundvall, B. A. (ed.). National Systems of Innovation: Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. London: Pinter Publishers, 1992.
29. Lundvall, B. A., and Johnson, B. “The Learning Economy.” Journal of Industry Studies 1 (No. 2 1994): 23-42.
30. MacPherson, A. D. “Academic-industry Linkages and Small Firm Innovation: Evidence from the Scientific Instruments Sector.” Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 10 (No. 4 1998): 261-76.
31. Mansfield, E. “Academic Research and Industrial Innovation: An Update of Empirical Findings” Research Policy 26 (Nos. 7-8 1998): 773–6.
32. Mansfield, E., and Lee, J. Y. “The Modern University: Contributor to Industrial Innovation and Recipient of Industrial R&D Support.” Research Policy 25 (No. 7 1996): 1047-58.
33. Marotta, D., Mark, Michael, Blom, Andreas, and Thorn, Kristian. Human Capital and University-Industry Linkages-Role in Fostering Firm Innovation: An Empirical Study of Chile and Colombia. Policy Research Working Paper 4443, Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 2007.
34. Mohnen, P., and Hoareau, C. What Type of Enterprise Forges Close with Universities and Government Labs? Evidence from CIS 2. MERIT-Infonomics Research Memorandum Series, August, 2002.
35. Meyer-Krahmer, F., and Schmoch, U. “Science-Based Technologies: University-Industry Interactions in Four Fields.” Research Policy 27 (No. 8 1998): 835-52.
36. Nelson, R. R. “Institutions Supporting Technical Advance in Industry.” American Economic Review 76 (No. 2 1986): 186-89.
37. Rosenberg, N., and Nelson, R. R. “American Universities and Technical Advance in Industry.” Research Policy 23 (No. 3 1994): 323-48.
38. Saxenian, A. Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994.
39. Schartinger, D., Schibany, A., and Gassler, H. “Interactive Relations between Universities and Firms: Empirical Evidence for Austria.” Journal of Technology Transfer 26 (No. 3 2001): 255-69.
40. Shane, S. “Selling University Technology: Patterns from MIT.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 122-37.
41. Stuart, T. E., and Shane, S. “Organisational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 151-70.
42. Thursby, J., and Thursby, M. “Who is Selling the Ivory Tower? Sources of Growth in University Licensing.” Management Science 48 (No. 1 2002): 90-104.
43. Varga, A. “Local Academic Knowledge Transfers and the Concentration of Economic Activity.” Journal of Regional Science 40 (No. 2 2000): 289-309.
44. Ziedonis, A. Inward Technology Transfer by Firms: The Case of University Technology Licences. University of California, Berkeley, Mimeograph, 1999.
45. Zucker, L. G., Darby, M. R., and Brewer, M. B. “Intellectual Human Capital and the Birth of U.S. Biotechnology Enterprises.” American Economic Review 88 (No. 1 1998): 290-306.